@article{Berrah19, author={Nora Berrah and Alvaro Sanchez-Gonzalez and Zoltan Jurek and Razib Obaid and Hui Xiong and Richard J. Squibb and Timur Osipov and Alberto Lutman and Li Fang and Thomas Barillot and John D. Bozek and James Cryan and Thomas J. A. Wolf and Daniel Rolles and Ryan Coffee and Kirsten Schnorr and Sven Augustin and Hironobu Fukuzawa and Koji Motomura and N. Niebuhr and Leszek J. Frasinski and Raimund Feifel and Claus P. Schulz and Koudai Toyota and Sang-Kil Son and Kiyoshi Ueda and Thomas Pfeifer and Jon P. Marangos and Robin Santra}, title={Femtosecond-resolved observation of the fragmentation of buckminsterfullerene following X-ray multiphoton ionization}, journal={Nat. Phys.}, volume={15}, pages={1279--1283}, year={2019}, keywords={C60; XMDYN; experiment; pump-probe; fragmentation; ultrafast; LCLS; CFEL; DESY;}, url={https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-019-0665-7}, doi={10.1038/s41567-019-0665-7}, abstract={X-ray free-electron lasers have, over the past decade, opened up the possibility of understanding the ultrafast response of matter to intense X-ray pulses. In earlier research on atoms and small molecules, new aspects of this response were uncovered, such as rapid sequences of inner-shell photoionization and Auger ionization. Here, we studied a larger molecule, buckminsterfullerene (C$_{60}$), exposed to 640 eV X-rays, and examined the role of chemical effects, such as chemical bonds and charge transfer, on the fragmentation following multiple ionization of the molecule. To provide time resolution, we performed femtosecond-resolved X-ray pump/X-ray probe measurements, which were accompanied by advanced simulations. The simulations and experiment reveal that despite substantial ionization induced by the ultrashort (20 fs) X-ray pump pulse, the fragmentation of C$_{60}$ is considerably delayed. This work uncovers the persistence of the molecular structure of C$_{60}$, which hinders fragmentation over a timescale of hundreds of femtoseconds. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a substantial fraction of the ejected fragments are neutral carbon atoms. These findings provide insights into X-ray free-electron laser-induced radiation damage in large molecules, including biomolecules.}
}
Nora Berrah, Alvaro Sanchez-Gonzalez, Zoltan Jurek, Razib Obaid, Hui Xiong, Richard J. Squibb, Timur Osipov, Alberto Lutman, Li Fang, Thomas Barillot, John D. Bozek, James Cryan, Thomas J.A. Wolf, Daniel Rolles, Ryan Coffee, Kirsten Schnorr, Sven Augustin, Hironobu Fukuzawa, Koji Motomura, N. Niebuhr, Leszek J. Frasinski, Raimund Feifel, Claus P. Schulz, Koudai Toyota, Sang-Kil Son, Kiyoshi Ueda, Thomas Pfeifer, Jon P. Marangos, and Robin Santra, Femtosecond-resolved observation of the fragmentation of buckminsterfullerene following X-ray multiphoton ionization, Nat. Phys.15, 1279–1283 (2019) [abstract]doi:10.1038/s41567-019-0665-7
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doi:10.1038/s41567-019-0665-7